Maulana Azad

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was a prominent Indian scholar, freedom fighter, and senior leader in the Indian independence movement. Born on November 11, 1888, in Mecca, he was raised in India in a family with a rich tradition of Islamic scholarship. His real name was Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin, but he became widely known as Maulana Azad.

Azad's contributions to India's struggle for freedom are immense. He was an early and ardent supporter of the Indian National Congress and played a key role in the non-cooperation movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. Azad was also deeply involved in the Khilafat Movement, which aimed to protect the Ottoman Caliphate and, more broadly, to unite Muslims and Hindus in the fight against British rule. His efforts towards promoting Hindu-Muslim unity were significant, and he strongly opposed the idea of partitioning India on religious lines.

A brilliant thinker and writer, Azad was known for his eloquence in Urdu and Arabic. He edited several newspapers, including "Al-Hilal" and "Al-Balagh," through which he voiced his opposition to British policies and spread the message of nationalism and independence. His writings and speeches inspired many to join the freedom struggle.

After India gained independence in 1947, Maulana Azad became the first Minister of Education in the Indian government. He served in this role until his death in 1958. As Minister of Education, Azad laid the foundations for modern education in India. He was a staunch advocate for universal primary education, free and compulsory education for all children, and the promotion of scientific and technical education. His vision led to the establishment of numerous educational institutions, including the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).

Azad was also a strong supporter of cultural and religious pluralism. He believed that India’s strength lay in its diversity and that all communities should live together in harmony. His opposition to the partition of India was rooted in his belief that Muslims and Hindus could coexist peacefully in a united India.

Maulana Azad passed away on February 22, 1958, but his legacy continues to be celebrated. In recognition of his contributions to education and the nation, his birthday, November 11, is observed as National Education Day in India. His life and work remain an inspiration for those who strive for unity, education, and progress in the country.